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Research of the issue of evaluating the efficiency in specialized hospital facilities in Slovakia is all important and up to date with the following reasons leading the way. The first one is based on the finding that the number of newborns in Slovakia suffering from congenital heart diseases has increased over the recent years, and in the period between 2002 and 2012 annually 451 children at an average are born with this congenital disorder. The incidence of live-born children suffering from congenital heart disease has been steadily increasing since 2009. The second reason is in that the diseases of the circulatory system are rated among the most frequent cause of hospitalization and mortality in Slovakia, as confirmed by the International Classification of Diseases or the ICD (the international equivalent of the Slovak MKCH-10).

Quality health care system is a priority for citizens of each country and a precondition for economic prosperity. The public health systems in many counties bear the huge burden of treatment of serious diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Cancer, heart disease, diabetes, respiratory, mental and other chronic diseases represent great suffering to citizens and represent a huge cost to society and the economy. It is estimated that they will cost the global economy around €22.5 trillion between 2012 and 2030 (EU, 2013).

Decision-making process about the development of new products is fundamental for the growth and prosperity of any company, particularly in the fast changing medical device market (Ivlev et al., 2015). Companies must innovate to be successful but this invariably carries some risk and uncertainty. In recent years, the issue of evaluation of investment effectiveness into medical devices has been intensively solved, both at national and international level (Heintz et al., 2016) due to the growing market with medical devices (Craig et al., 2014).

A concern over the raising resources consumed by health care costs has become widespread in many countries in recent years (Popesko, Papadaki, & Novak, 2015). Health spending in Poland was 6.4% of GDP in 2013, well below the OECD average of 8.9%. In 2013, per capita health spending in Poland has increased by a strong 3.8% in real terms, far above the average growth (1.0%) across OECD countries (OECD Health Statistics 2015).

In the beginning of the 20th century, the view on the organization of postoperative care was based on several obsolete assumptions concerning the surgical wound healing, the need for postoperative diet restrictions, as well as the limited mobilization of the patients. Nowadays, surgical care is rapidly shifting from in-hospital patient care towards outpatient concept.

Issues related to analysing the cost and reimbursement of any activities performed, especially within hospital organizations, has lately piqued the interest of academics and practitioners. One possible reason for this is that medical establishments in various countries face the same challenges of limited resources, increasing costs and heightened demands for services.