Strategické příležitosti ICT pro malé a střední podniky

The strategic use of information technology can both threaten and benefit small and medium- -sized enterprises. In this paper, the strategic importance of technology is analysing in light of the specific of these organizations. Planning approaches are then outlined, focusing on how small and medium companies can attain a mastery of information and communication technology for competitive advantage. Traditionally, information technology was used as a tool for monitoring of a firm‘s internal and external environment. Today ICT allows the firm to be more active within those environments, and must be considered as a critical resource. The main strategic importance of information systems is based on three key conceptual frameworks in strategic theory: the competitive forces framework, the value chain framework and the market- hierarchy framework. How can SMEs initiate strategic information systems implementation? The problems with implementation are different from large companies and require different managerial approaches. From a strategic and administrative point of view, SMEs are mainly „organic“ in nature and can be seen as an extension of the owner or entrepreneur own personality. They are typically informal with minimal differentiations among units. They are often weak in terms of financing, planning, control, training and information systems, due to chronic lack of resources. On the other hand, smaller enterprises have their own particular advantages, such as rapid implementation and execution or decision, market proximity and their capacity for adaptation and short - term reorientation. Some aspects of this specifity may have a particular effect on the development, introduction and use of strategic information systems in SME.